Each of us can catch the fungus.It is an infectious disease that is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy and generally affects nails and skin.If the nail plate has changed, began to collapse, to change the color - it means that the infection has occurred and that the onychomycosis has developed.They are suffered by 20% of the adult population of the earth.
Causes
Most people are not aware of what onychomycosis is and its dangerous.The pathogenic microorganisms, entering the structure of the nail, change it.In addition to the aesthetic problem, fungi can poison the entire body as a whole.This leads to allergic reactions, a decrease in body protection functions, internal organ diseases.
You can be infected with nail mushrooms only in favorable conditions.Normally, the skin has an acidic environment that prevents the penetration of various infections.If its pH for any reason has changed towards alkaline, the reproduction and growth of pathogenic organisms increase sharply.
The wet environment also contributes to the development of infection.A person can be infected with non-compliance by personal hygiene or simple rules of conduct in common areas.Dead skin or patients' skin scales are a source of infection.The causes of the nail fungus can be as follows:
- Visit beaches, saunas, baths, water parks, showers, swimming pools, fitness centers, there is a risk of infection.Passing barefoot on a damp surface and having cracks or injuries on the legs, the probability of "picking up" the mushroom on the legs is very large.
- Incorrectly selected tight shoes, synthetic socks, tights increase leg sweating, which leads to a change in the acid-base balance of the skin.Its protection functions are reduced, which can lead to the appearance and propagation of the fungus.
- Weakened immunity, prolonged use of antibiotics, corticosteroids, antibacterial therapy contributes to infection by onychomycosis.
- Diabetes mellitus in the elderly is a frequent cause of the disease.
- In contact with the shoe infected with a fungus, socks with a towel, a toilet glove, a set of manicure and other personal accessories of the patient, an infection occurs in 90% of cases.
At the beginning, the infection affects a small area of the nail, as a rule, it is an area with the edge.Then, the inflammatory process increases and spreads to other areas or penetrates more deep into the nail plate.The faster the nail fungus, the easier it is to cure it.Therefore, at first signs, treatment should start immediately to start.
How the disease manifests itself
Not only can a specialist, but also a patient can determine onychomycosis in a person.The main characteristics of the nail fungus are as follows:
- The nail plate changes color, from a light yellow shade to black.The coloring depends on the type of infected fungus the nails;
- There is a transformation of the shape and circuit of the nail plate;
- The nail collapses, exfoliates, thickened, natural shine disappears;
- Bad smell, unpleasant and painful sensations at your fingertips, near the plate.
It is important to determine the disease over time to avoid spreading more on the skin of the legs and other parts of the fingers.The doctor will be able to correctly assess the degree of damage to the fungus and to prescribe the appropriate treatment.
Distinguish 3 steps of fungus:
- Explicit signs, such as a change of shape, a thickening of the corneal layer, a crack is absent.It is very difficult to determine the disease during this period.But the appearance of barely perceptible spots on the surface of the nail plate, a slight change in the shadow of the layer of stratum can alert the appearance of barely perceptible spots.
- There are distinct signs of nail mushrooms.The color of the surface of the nails changes, pink, with a yellow or brown shade, a natural brilliant and a softness disappear.The side edges of the nails are thickened, collapse and deformed.
- It is considered a neglected form in which the infection captures the whole cornea.It thickens, there is an increase in keratinocytes and the fragility increases.To cut such a nail is very problematic, its edges are folded inside and develop in the skin of the fingers, delivering patient pain when walking.
Complications after the 3rd step are characterized by exfoliating piéiratinocytes of the germ.This condition is accompanied by intense pain and an unpleasant odor.The nail fungus incubation period is 3 weeks, after which you can already diagnose the disease and start antifungal treatment.
Types of nail mushrooms
With onychomycosis, several types of fungi are diagnosed.
- Dermatophytes, as a rule, appear in the form of a nail platinum disorder.Yellow spots are formed on the edges or in the center.Over time, the yellowed edge moves away from the stratumed bed.Sometimes longitudinal scratches are observed along the damaged area.
- The yeast fungus modifies the structure of the nail, distorting it.The nail plate becomes uneven, the waves, the furrows appear, after the time that the color of the nail acquires a yellowish shade and can be lagging behind.At the same time, nail rolls can be captured and thicken.
- A mold fungus is detected in people with weakened immunity, with long -term drug treatment.It manifests itself by a change in the color palette of the nail.At the beginning, it is yellow, then the shade changes, and it can be like greenish, bluish and even becoming black.In this case, the treatment is the shortest and takes 1 to 1.5 months, because the mold does not penetrate deep into the nail plate, but remains only on the surface.
Effective methods to fight infection
How to get rid of nail mushrooms quickly and forever, concern for many patients.The treatment of onychomycosis in the early stages does not last long.You can face it using local antifungal agents.They propagate deeply in the stingy layer and remove the growth and reproduction of pathogenic fungi.Such treatment will be effective if a small area of the nail plate is injured, no more than 1/3.
A positive healing property has nail mushroom varnishes.They have a liquid texture, easily applied and enter small cracks in the nail.During the application, the varnish is instantly absorbed and dry, forming a strong film.It prevents the penetration of oxygen into the nail, due to which the growth and reproduction of the fungus ends.
It must be applied once a day.The elimination of the varnish of the surface of the nail plate is problematic, which allows you to effectively affect the infection.
You can also use antifungal drugs, creams and ointments.They have greater efficiency compared to varnishes and are used in the identification of 2 stages of the disease.Before applying the cream, you should remove the damaged surface from the nail plate.
The cream or ointment is used twice a day and cover the affected area with a small quantity.To obtain the maximum effect after applying the cream, it is necessary to seal the infected area by a patch.
Onychomycosis treatment methods depend on the degree of negligence and the identified form.It only goes under the supervision of a doctor, as all the drugs of a fungal infection have high toxicity.The specialist examines the patient and takes a small part of the nail for the laboratory exam to establish the type of fungus.In the event that the disease captures all the nail platinum and the fungus progresses for more than a year - a complete treatment is prescribed, which includes the local and internal use of drugs.
The use of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of fungal infection provides a positive result.These drugs, combined with ointments, deprive the fungus of the ability to germinate deeply in the nail and stop the growth of the colonies.This type of treatment is long and lasts about a year.
Medicine does not remain motionless, effective methods in the fight against fungal diseases are constantly developed and implemented.In 2010, new methods appeared in the treatment of onychomycosis.The photodynamic treatment of the nail plates infected with the fungus, and the laser treatment on special "nail" lasers in combination with antimicrobials give a tangible positive effect and reduce the terms of healing.
The peculiarity of laser therapy lies in the effect of a fungus with a temperature of up to 70 degrees, in which the mushroom spores die, and the source of the propagation of the disease is mycelium.
In the treatment of a laser, healthy skin around the nail is not affected, it acts exclusively on fungal organisms that die for several sessions.
Traditional medicine in the treatment of fungi
You can try to face the disease at home.The treatment should start with Horseman baths that soften the nail plate.It must be cleaned with a keratinized layer of a manicure file.Such a bath and cleaning must be carried out once a week, within 6 months.The affected area should be treated with tea tree oil.To improve therapeutic exposure, you can see the nail plate infected with an adhesive plate, after having already put a stamp, saturated in equal proportions, lavender and tea oils.
Folk methods in the treatment of nail fungi are diverse and most often provide a positive and rapid result, provided that the disease is at the initial stage.Among the most effective, it can highlight:
- Treatment of affected areas of hydrogen peroxide.Wipe the well-cooked steam nails with a cotton swab with a cotton swab with a cotton swab 2-3 times a day.After a few days, the nail plate will become much softer and can be cut into manicure scissors.
- The use of celandin in popular medicine has proven its effectiveness in the treatment of skin diseases, as well as with a fungal infection of various etiologies.Yodinol is added to the chopped dry celandine (bought in a pharmacy).These two components are completely crushed and the resulting mixture is applied to the affected area.The nail is wrapped in plastic film and left overnight.To cure 1-2 stages of the fungus, simply perform 3-5 of these procedures.
- Propolis is considered an effective remedy for the fungus.The 20% dye with propolis purchased in a pharmacy is applied to a painful area in the form of a compress.A moistened cotton-title with a therapeutic agent is applied to the nail plate and sealed with a patch.Over time, the affected nail will move a healthy.
- Golden mustache is an incredible plant that helps various diseases.In the treatment of the fungus, it is necessary to fix a softened sheet of the plant on the nail cooked with steam and to leave it under the film for the night.In the morning, the softened part should be cut as much as possible, under the root.It is necessary to apply the golden mustache only to the zone of the nail plate, without affecting the skin around to avoid the burn.Soon the nail will recover and will be healthy and lasting.
- If the nail fungus has hit your hands, you can get rid of soap opera.It is necessary to wash your hands carefully with him, by paying particular attention to the affected places.Then you need to lower the nails in a highly concentrated salt solution and bandage them all night.A positive effect will come a week later.
Treatment of nail fungus is a fairly long process.Whatever the therapy chosen, you should be patient and regularly use the medications prescribed by the doctor.And either should not be forgotten the preventive measures to prevent infection again.
How to treat the fungus of the nails is only resolved by the doctor with an in -depth examination of the patient and after the results of the laboratory test.In order to avoid reinfection with a fungus, it is necessary to use drugs for preventive purposes.Follow the state of the nails and the skin, when identifying the first signs of the disease, immediately contact a specialist.Remember that at the beginning, the fungus is treated quickly and effectively.